Where is God found? - Perspective from Bhagwad Gita, Guru Nanak

- Essay by Shiv

Wherever I go

is your abode

- Guru Nanak

When contemplating the question of where God can be found, it is important to approach the topic from a secular perspective, devoid of religious assumptions. Throughout the entirety of recorded human history, there has been no verifiable evidence to substantiate the existence of gods beyond being constructs of the human mind.

Anthropologists and archaeologists suggest that the belief in gods originated during the cognitive revolution, which occurred over 100,000 years ago. At this pivotal point in human development, when language and self-awareness began to emerge, early humans sought to understand the world around them. They pondered the nature of celestial phenomena, the changing of seasons, the tides, and natural occurrences like thunder and lightning.

For these primitive humans, limited by their understanding of cause and effect, the most plausible explanation was the existence of invisible beings, known as spirits, who controlled these phenomena. This belief system, known as animism, can still be observed today among tribes secluded from modern society, such as those in the Amazon rainforest or the remote regions of Africa and Papua New Guinea.

The prevalence of religious belief across various cultures around the world can be attributed to the migration of people, who carried their beliefs with them as they journeyed far from their ancestral lands. As human settlements began to form during the agricultural revolution around 10,000 to 12,000 years ago, belief in spirits evolved into more complex religious systems. In these early settled communities, the belief in spirits became a potent tool for social control. Leaders who recognized the power of religious belief employed it to establish rules, asserting that disobedience would incur the wrath of the spirits or gods.

This hierarchical religious structure, with priests acting as intermediaries between gods and humans, grew in influence and wealth over time. The ancient Egyptians provide a prominent example of this form of governance. Even in modern societies, the separation of religious belief from government is a relatively recent development, with many Islamic societies still lacking such a division.

Returning to the original question, throughout the entire history of humanity's belief in gods, no concrete evidence has ever been presented to substantiate their existence. Many metaphysical and philosophical arguments have been put forth in an attempt to prove the existence of gods. However, these arguments often falter due to inherent assumptions or logical fallacies, even if disguised within complex reasoning.

Another compelling reason to question the existence of gods outside the realm of human imagination lies in the fact that the acts attributed to them would necessitate a violation of fundamental scientific laws that govern our existence. While some theists may argue that "a god can do anything," such claims lack substance and are merely attempts to justify beliefs. Scientific advancements have provided empirical evidence that rationally explains historical events traditionally attributed to acts of God.

Therefore, to reiterate, gods are to be found solely within the human mind, and even then, only in the minds of those who choose to believe in them or have been indoctrinated into such beliefs.